A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation estimates that about 5.7 million men in the United States have an autoimmune disease. While women are more often diagnosed with these conditions, men are still at risk and should be aware of the signs.
What Are Autoimmune Diseases?
Autoimmune diseases happen when the immune system, which normally fights off germs, mistakenly attacks the body’s own healthy cells. This can cause inflammation and a wide range of symptoms, depending on which part of the body is affected. Common signs include fatigue, fever, joint pain, and swollen glands.
Doctors don’t know exactly what causes autoimmune diseases, but genetics and environmental factors like infections or chemicals play a role.
Why Are Men Less Often Diagnosed?
Most research focuses on women, since they are diagnosed more often. Experts think this may be because women have two X chromosomes, which carry genes related to immunity, and because of differences in hormones like estrogen and testosterone. Higher testosterone in men may offer some protection, but men can still get these diseases.
Doctors also say men are less likely to visit the doctor, which means their symptoms may go unnoticed or untreated for longer.
Five Autoimmune Diseases Men Should Watch For
1. Psoriasis
What it is: An inflammatory skin condition that causes thick, scaly patches. Both men and women can get it, but men may be more likely to have it in sensitive areas like the genitals or buttocks.
Why it matters: Psoriasis can lead to joint pain and arthritis. Treatments include creams, light therapy, and special medications.
2. Ankylosing Spondylitis
What it is: A type of arthritis that mainly affects the spine, causing pain and stiffness.
Why it matters: This disease is more common in men, often starting before age 40. Early treatment can prevent serious back problems.
3. Type 1 Diabetes
What it is: The immune system attacks cells in the pancreas that make insulin, leading to high blood sugar.
Why it matters: Men with type 1 diabetes may have a higher risk of heart problems and erectile dysfunction. Insulin therapy is needed to control blood sugar.
4. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
What it is: Includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, which cause inflammation in the digestive tract.
Why it matters: Men with IBD have a higher risk of colorectal cancer. Symptoms include stomach pain, diarrhea, and weight loss. Regular checkups are important.
5. Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis
What it is: Both diseases cause the immune system to attack joints and organs.
Why it matters: While more common in women, men can still get these diseases. Early symptoms can be vague, like tiredness and joint pain.
Conclusion
Autoimmune diseases can affect men, even if they are less common than in women. If you have ongoing symptoms like tiredness, joint pain, or stomach issues, see a doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment can help you stay healthy and avoid serious problems. Don’t ignore your health—get checked if something feels off.
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- Mediterranean Diet Eases Autoimmune Diseases
