A recent analysis by Cancer Research UK reveals that skin cancer, particularly melanoma, affects different parts of the body in men and women. The findings suggest that clothing choices and sun exposure patterns may be key factors behind this gender divide.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), melanoma affected around 3.3 million people globally in 2022. Now, new data provides a deeper look at how sun habits may influence where the disease develops on the body.
Where Melanoma Appears: A Gender-Based Pattern
Data from 2018 to 2021 show clear differences between men and women in where melanoma most often appears:
In men, 40% of melanomas were found on the torso — an area commonly exposed when shirts come off during hot weather.
In women, over one-third of melanomas appeared on the lower limbs, especially the legs, which are more often exposed when wearing skirts or shorts.
Dr. L. Rohit Reddy, Consultant Medical Oncologist and Hemato-Oncologist at Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad (not involved in the study), confirmed these trends. He noted that women often develop skin cancer on their legs, from the hips to the ankles, while men are nearly twice as likely to have it on their head or neck.
Dr. Reddy explained, “As temperatures rise, different parts of the body are exposed based on clothing. Plus, men’s torsos are usually larger, while women’s legs make up a bigger portion of their body surface. Hair coverage and body shape, which vary by gender and genetics, also play a role.”
UV Exposure Is a Leading Cause
Experts agree that ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes nearly 90% of all melanoma cases. Repeated sunburns can significantly increase the risk. The way people dress in warm weather—along with habits like using sunscreen or staying in shade—can determine which body parts receive more UV exposure.
Do Men and Women Face Different Skin Cancer Risks?
Yes, according to Dr. Reddy. He explained that men tend to have higher rates of melanoma and other skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Several reasons may explain this gap:
Hormonal protection: Women have higher levels of oestrogen, which may help protect against melanoma. This is why premenopausal women often have lower rates than men.
Sunscreen use: Women are more likely to use sunscreen regularly and visit a doctor for skin changes, leading to earlier detection.
Occupational exposure: Men are more likely to work outdoors and expose their skin to the sun without proper protection.
Skin thickness and body hair: These vary by gender and may influence how UV rays affect the skin.
Early Warning Signs of Skin Cancer
It’s important to watch for unusual changes in the skin. Some common signs include:
- A new or changing spot, bump, mole, or growth
- A sore that doesn’t heal or keeps coming back
- A scaly, crusty, or bleeding patch
- A mole that changes in size, shape, or color
- A mole with uneven edges or mixed shades
- Painful, itchy, or irritated skin around a spot
If you notice any of these, it’s best to consult a doctor promptly.
When Should You Get Screened for Skin Cancer?
Dr. Reddy recommends the following screening schedule:
High-risk individuals (e.g., those with a family history of skin cancer or high UV exposure): Every 6 months
Adults over 50: Annual full-body skin check
People with no major risk factors: Yearly screenings
Early detection can make a big difference. The sooner a suspicious spot is found, the easier it is to treat.
Conclusion
This new analysis from Cancer Research UK serves as a reminder that everyday habits—like how we dress in the sun and how often we apply sunscreen—can influence our risk of melanoma.
Understanding the gender-specific patterns of skin cancer can help people check the right parts of their body for warning signs. As Dr. Reddy emphasized, regular checkups, sun protection, and being aware of changes in your skin are key steps in fighting this serious disease.
