A recent study from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) has highlighted important differences in how ADHD and anxiety interact in boys and girls—findings that may shape future health screenings and interventions.
The study focused on one specific subtype of ADHD: the inattentive type, which is more common in girls. Unlike the hyperactive-impulsive type often seen in boys, inattentive ADHD tends to go unnoticed.
Girls with this form are frequently described as daydreamy, quiet, or forgetful. Unfortunately, this can mean they don’t receive timely diagnoses or the support they need—putting their mental health at risk.
According to Professor Lars Wichstrøm from NTNU’s Department of Psychology, the team discovered that in girls, inattentive ADHD and anxiety reinforce each other.
Girls who struggle with inattention during early childhood are more likely to develop anxiety symptoms in adolescence. Likewise, anxiety can further worsen their inattention. This mutual reinforcement was not found in boys.
While hyperactivity in boys may lead to anxiety over time, the patterns are not as tightly linked as they are in girls. Boys tend to be diagnosed earlier due to more obvious behavioral symptoms like restlessness or impulsivity, which often lead to classroom disruptions. Girls, by contrast, frequently “fly under the radar,” delaying both diagnosis and access to mental health resources.
Health experts involved in the research suggest that identifying inattentive ADHD before age 12—possibly as early as 8—could help reduce or even prevent the onset of anxiety in girls. Early interventions such as behavioral therapy or focused support at school could make a significant difference.
This study reinforces the importance of recognizing gender-specific signs of mental health disorders. Anxiety disorders begin rising sharply around age 12, particularly in girls, and when left untreated, can lead to further complications such as depression, social exclusion, or academic difficulties.
The researchers emphasize the need for greater awareness among parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals. By learning to spot the early signs of inattentive ADHD—especially in girls who may appear simply shy or disorganized—there is an opportunity to intervene before anxiety takes hold.
Future research aims to explore these links in larger populations and at even earlier developmental stages, with the ultimate goal of promoting better mental health outcomes through timely diagnosis and care.
Related topics:
- Can ADHD Cause Borderline Personality Disorder?
- Is ADHD A Mental Or Neurological Disorder?
- Is ADHD A Neurodevelopmental Disorder? Understanding The Facts
